Bunion

Bunions can vary in severity and form.

• Mild Bunion – A slight bump on the side of the foot with minimal discomfort. 

• Moderate Bunion – Increased misalignment of the big toe with pain and redness. 

• Severe Bunion – Significant toe deviation, chronic pain, and difficulty wearing shoes. 

• Tailor’s Bunion (Bunionette) – A smaller bunion forming on the outer side of the foot, affecting the little toe.

Bunions develop due to pressure on the big toe joint, leading to gradual bone misalignment. Common causes include:

• Genetics – Inherited foot structure issues can predispose individuals to bunions. 

• Improper Footwear – High heels, narrow shoes, or ill-fitting footwear can worsen bunion formation. 

• Foot Mechanics & Flat Feet – Poor foot alignment or overpronation can lead to bunions. 

• Arthritis & Inflammation – Joint conditions can contribute to bunion growth. 

• Repeated Stress on the Foot – Activities that put excessive pressure on the toes, such as dancing or running.

Bunion symptoms worsen over time and can affect daily activities. A doctor will evaluate foot structure, gait, and use X-rays to determine the severity of the bunion and rule out other foot conditions. Common signs of a bunion include:

• Bony bump on the side of the foot – The most visible symptom. 

• Pain & tenderness – Discomfort when walking or wearing shoes. 

• Swelling & redness – Irritation around the affected joint. 

• Toe misalignment – The big toe may start to lean towards the second toe. 

• Restricted movement – Stiffness in the joint, making it harder to bend the toe.

Treatment aims to relieve pain and prevent the bunion from worsening.

• Proper Footwear – Wide-toed shoes to reduce pressure on the bunion. 

• Orthotics & Padding – Custom inserts and cushions to support the foot. 

• Medications – Anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief. 

• Physical Therapy & Stretching – Strengthening exercises for foot stability. 

• Bunion Surgery (Bunionectomy) – Realigns the bone and joint for severe cases.